CONTROL OF ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN INDUSTRY AND HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES
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UDC 681.2
Vortex Method of Flow Measurement: Models of Vortex Shedding and Modern Means of Modeling
A.P. Lapin, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, a_lapin@mail.ru
A.M. Druzhkov, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, sandruzh@gmail.com
K.V. Kuznetsova, South Ural State University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation, kristi.kuznetsova@gmail.com
Abstract
Study of a vortex measurement method of the expenditure is considered in the article. Vortex flowmeters are widely used in practice. Various methods of investigation of these flowmeters have been used to improve the quality of measurements. Methods of investigation of vortex formation phenomen were changing with the development of technical solutions: trial and error method, analysis of the measurement signal, investigation of the field of fluid flow, flow visualization, laboratory investigations on the test stand and modeling. The main analytical models of vortex formation described in foreign scientific literature are considered. Development of computer technology allowed the use of numerical modeling in the investigation of a vortex flowmeter. The most interesting results of process modeling of vortex formation are provided, and also recommendations about carrying out similar researches are formulated. The use of ANSYS CFX software in process modeling of vortex formation allows to consider all factors influencing on measurement accuracy of the expenditure.
Keywords
vortex flowmeter, model of vortex formation, Karman vortex street
References
1. Lapin A.P., Druzhkov A.M., Kuznetsova K.V. (Analysis of the Dependence of the Strouhal Number in the Measurement Equation for Vortex Sonic Flowmeters). Bulletin of South Ural State University. Ser. Computer Technology, Automatic Control, Radio Electronics, 2013, vol. 13, no 4, pp. 70–77. (in Russ.)
2. Safonov E.V., Bromer K.A., Dorokhov V.A. (Development of Virtual Test Bench for CFD in Flangeless Vortex Flowmeter with Application of High-Perfomance Computing]. Bulletin of South Ural State University. Ser. Calculus mathematics and informatics, 2013, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 109–115. (in Russ.)
3. Bentley J.P., Mudd J.W. Vortex Shedding Mechanisms in Single and Dual Bluff Bodies. Flow Measurement Instruments, 2003, vol. 14, pp. 23–31.
4. Birkhoff G. Formation Vortex Street. Journal of Applied Physics, 1953, vol. 24, pp. 98–103.
5. Chmielewski R., Berliński J., Pankanin G.L. Modelling of Karman Vortex Street with Moving Stagnation Region. Proc. of International Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO. Lund Sweden, 1998, pp. 381–385.
6. Cousins T. The Performance and Design of Vortex Meters. Proc. of International Conference on Flow Measurement in the mid 1970-s. Scotland, 1975, pp. 134–142.
7. Gerrard J.H. The Mechanics of the Formation Region of Vortices behind Bluff Bodies. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1966, vol. 25, pp. 401–413.
8. Hans V., Windorfer H. Comparison of Pressure and Ultrasound Measurements in Vortex Flow Meters. Measurement, 2003, no. 33, pp. 121–133.
9. Karman T. von. Über den Mechanismus des Widerstandes, den ein bewegter Körper in einer Flüssigkeit erzeugt. Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. Mathematisch-Physikalische Klasse, 1911, S. 509–517.
10. Lucas G.P., Turner J.T. Influence of Cylinder Geometry on the Quality of its Vortex Shedding Signal. Proc. of International Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO. Melbourne, 1985, pp. 81–88.
11. Pankanin G.L. The Vortex Flowmeter: Various Methods of Investigating Phenomena. Measurement science and technology, 2005, no. 16, pp. 1–16.
12. Pankanin G.L. Experimental and Theoretical Investigations Concerning the Influence of Stagnation Region on Karman Vortex Shedding. Proc. Of IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference. Warsaw, Poland, 2007, pp. 11–16.
13. Pankanin G.L., Berliński J., Chmielewski R. Simulation of Karman Vortex Street Development Using New Model. Metrology & Measurement Systems, 2006, vol. XIII, pp. 35–47.
14. Pankanin, G.L. Vortex Meter Designing – Simulation or Laboratory Investigations? Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments. Wilga, Poland, 2013, vol. 8903, R. 89032C.
15. Pankanin G.L., Chmielewski R., Berliński J. Analytical Modelling of Karman Vortex Street. Metrology and Measurement Systems, 2005, vol. XII, no. 4, pp. 413–425.
16. Popiel C.O., Robinson D.I., Turner J.T. Vortex Shedding from Specially Shaped Cylinders. Proc. of 11th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference. Australia, 1992, pp. 503–506.
17. Roshko A. On the Development of Turbulent Wakes from Vortex Streets. NACA Report, 1954, no. 1191, p. 27.
18. Wei Z.L., Wang J.Z., Han H.Y., Yang Z.Y., Wang W. Frequency Shift behind an Oscillating Bluff Body in a Wake Flow. Proc. of International Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO. Korea, 1993, pp. 515–524.
19. Yamasaki H., Rubin M. The Vortex Flowmeter. Flow Measurement and Control in Science and Industry. USA, 1974, pp. 975–983.
2. Safonov E.V., Bromer K.A., Dorokhov V.A. (Development of Virtual Test Bench for CFD in Flangeless Vortex Flowmeter with Application of High-Perfomance Computing]. Bulletin of South Ural State University. Ser. Calculus mathematics and informatics, 2013, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 109–115. (in Russ.)
3. Bentley J.P., Mudd J.W. Vortex Shedding Mechanisms in Single and Dual Bluff Bodies. Flow Measurement Instruments, 2003, vol. 14, pp. 23–31.
4. Birkhoff G. Formation Vortex Street. Journal of Applied Physics, 1953, vol. 24, pp. 98–103.
5. Chmielewski R., Berliński J., Pankanin G.L. Modelling of Karman Vortex Street with Moving Stagnation Region. Proc. of International Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO. Lund Sweden, 1998, pp. 381–385.
6. Cousins T. The Performance and Design of Vortex Meters. Proc. of International Conference on Flow Measurement in the mid 1970-s. Scotland, 1975, pp. 134–142.
7. Gerrard J.H. The Mechanics of the Formation Region of Vortices behind Bluff Bodies. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 1966, vol. 25, pp. 401–413.
8. Hans V., Windorfer H. Comparison of Pressure and Ultrasound Measurements in Vortex Flow Meters. Measurement, 2003, no. 33, pp. 121–133.
9. Karman T. von. Über den Mechanismus des Widerstandes, den ein bewegter Körper in einer Flüssigkeit erzeugt. Nachrichten von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen. Mathematisch-Physikalische Klasse, 1911, S. 509–517.
10. Lucas G.P., Turner J.T. Influence of Cylinder Geometry on the Quality of its Vortex Shedding Signal. Proc. of International Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO. Melbourne, 1985, pp. 81–88.
11. Pankanin G.L. The Vortex Flowmeter: Various Methods of Investigating Phenomena. Measurement science and technology, 2005, no. 16, pp. 1–16.
12. Pankanin G.L. Experimental and Theoretical Investigations Concerning the Influence of Stagnation Region on Karman Vortex Shedding. Proc. Of IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference. Warsaw, Poland, 2007, pp. 11–16.
13. Pankanin G.L., Berliński J., Chmielewski R. Simulation of Karman Vortex Street Development Using New Model. Metrology & Measurement Systems, 2006, vol. XIII, pp. 35–47.
14. Pankanin, G.L. Vortex Meter Designing – Simulation or Laboratory Investigations? Photonics Applications in Astronomy, Communications, Industry, and High-Energy Physics Experiments. Wilga, Poland, 2013, vol. 8903, R. 89032C.
15. Pankanin G.L., Chmielewski R., Berliński J. Analytical Modelling of Karman Vortex Street. Metrology and Measurement Systems, 2005, vol. XII, no. 4, pp. 413–425.
16. Popiel C.O., Robinson D.I., Turner J.T. Vortex Shedding from Specially Shaped Cylinders. Proc. of 11th Australasian Fluid Mechanics Conference. Australia, 1992, pp. 503–506.
17. Roshko A. On the Development of Turbulent Wakes from Vortex Streets. NACA Report, 1954, no. 1191, p. 27.
18. Wei Z.L., Wang J.Z., Han H.Y., Yang Z.Y., Wang W. Frequency Shift behind an Oscillating Bluff Body in a Wake Flow. Proc. of International Conference on Flow Measurement FLOMEKO. Korea, 1993, pp. 515–524.
19. Yamasaki H., Rubin M. The Vortex Flowmeter. Flow Measurement and Control in Science and Industry. USA, 1974, pp. 975–983.
Source
Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Ser. Computer Technologies, Automatic Control, Radio Electronics, 2014, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 28-34. (in Russ.) (The main)